نویسندگان
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گروه علوم تربیت، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.
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گروه تکنولوژی آموزشی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.
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گروه آموزش پزشکی، دانشکده آموزش پزشکی وفناوریهای یادگیری، دانشگاه شهیدبهشتی، تهران، ایران.
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نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
10.22038/hmed.2024.79662.1365
چکیده
مقدمه: با وجود توجه روزافزون به صلاحیت در آموزش علوم پزشکی، چگونگی آموزش آن کمتر مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. از این رو هدف پژوهش حاضر، شناسایی عناصر و ویژگیهای آموزش علوم پزشکی صلاحیت محورمی باشد
روش کار: این تحقیق کاربردی با استفاده از روش تحلیل محتوای کیفی در دو بخش، یعنی مستندات و بحث گروه متمرکز انجام شد. انتخاب موارد و شرکتکنندگان با روش هدفمند، شامل نمونهگیری از موارد خاص یا یگانه، انجام شد. در این تحقیق، ۱۴ مقاله و ۲ کتاب مورد بررسی قرار گرفت و ۱۴ نفر از اساتید و دانشجویان دکتری با سابقه تدریس در علوم پزشکی شرکت کردند و با روش هدفمند، نمونه گیری از موارد خاص یا یگانه، موارد ویژه، انجام شد. اعتباربخشی یافتهها، برای هردو بخش، از طریق مشارکت مرورگر همتا انجام شد.
نتایج: براساس نتایج پژوهش، عناصر آموزش علوم پزشکی صلاحیت محور در ۴ مؤلفه اصلی شامل عوامل زمینهای- زیرساختها، یادگیرنده، فرایندآموزش، و ارزشیابی- بازخورد و ۱۱ مؤلفه فرعی و ویژگیهای آنها، توصیف شد.
نتیجه گیری: صلاحیت به معنی قابلیت انتقال دانش، حاصل یادگیری عمیق تر ومعنی دار است که از طریق فرایند یادگیری فعال و تعاملی تحقق می یابد. درنتیجه، آموزش علوم پزشکی صلاحیت محور، باید بر فرایندهای یادگیری فعال و تعاملی، از جمله؛ روشهای تدریس مشارکتی، تسهیل گری در تعامل و تأمل، ارزشیابی اصیل، بازخورد سازنده و آگاهی فراشناخت متمرکزشود.
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